European death drugs to be used in two US executions next week

Drugs supplied by European pharmaceutical companies are set to be used to execute two US prisoners on the 3rd and 6th of May.

Anaesthetics from Denmark-headquartered Lundbeck and UK-based Dream Pharma will be used in the respective executions by lethal injection of Cary Kerr in Texas and Jeffrey Motts in South Carolina.

Several states are in possession of large supplies of sodium thiopental, the anaesthetic due to be used in the execution of Jeffrey Motts, which they were able to acquire from the UK in the delay before the British government imposed export controls. There are serious concerns that the drug, bought through back-channels from a tiny firm in an office in a driving school in Acton, may be faulty – leaving prisoners in severe pain during their executions. Three botched executions using the drug have already been carried out.

Meanwhile, Lundbeck continues to supply the barbiturate pentobarbital through a facility based in the USA. The barbiturate was not intended for use in lethal injections and has never been clinically tested for the purpose. The new protocol hastily adopted by Texas (in less than three weeks, without scientific or medical consultation) is recognised to be particularly dangerous. It calls for pentobarbital followed by pancuronium bromide and potassium chloride: a combination so risky and inhumane that vets explicitly outlaw it in the practice of animal euthanasia.

The execution of Cary Kerr on Tuesday will be the first in Texas using this lethal injection cocktail, and, if the state Department of Corrections (which boasts the busiest execution chamber in the USA) has its way, the first of many.

Death rows in the US have been looking abroad for execution drugs ever since the only domestic supplier ended production of sodium thiopental, the first stage in the (until recently) widely-used three drug execution cocktail.

Appalled by the prospect of complicity in US executions, Governments and pharmaceutical firms in Britain, Italy, Austria and India have found ways to prevent the use of their drugs for killing prisoners. Lundbeck has failed to take similar action and the Danish Government appears incapable or unwilling to exert any effective pressure.

Reprieve Investigator Maya Foa said: “With two executions looming, Lundbeck should be doing everything in their power to mitigate the damage done in their name. Delays are fatal, as the execution of Jeffrey Motts using British drugs on Friday will show. There are many simple and common mechanisms Lundbeck could use to prevent their drugs being used to kill people. Their continued reluctance to employ them is shameful.”

Source: Reprieve, April 27, 2011

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A populist warning light?

A new opinion poll shows that Austrian, anti-immigrant, populist party FPÖ would end up on top if elections were held today, beating both the social democratic SPÖ and conservative ÖVP. There are of course multiple reasons for the party's rise, but we note that FPÖ leader Heinz-Christian Strachewhich last week slammed Austria's participation in, and the cost of, eurozone bail-outs. "Thank you, [Austrian Chancellor] Werner Faymannm," he said sarcastically.

In Finland, the "True Finns" party, under the leadership of Timo Soini (pictured), has seemingly come from nowhere and transformed itself into a full-scale political force. A recent opinion poll put it second, ahead of this month's national elections. Though not nearly as bad as FPÖ, it does run on a highly populist platform with a strong anti-euro flavour. The party was almost single-handedly responsible for derailing the EU deal on how to increase the size of the eurozone's bailout fund, the EFSF. The decision is now postponed until June, after the Finnish elections. And as Jan Sundberg, Professor at University of Helisnki puts it, "Portugal crashing would be a gift to the True Finns".

In the Netherlands, the government does not have a majority in Parliament, but has to rely on Geert Wilders' Party for Freedom, which is the third largest party in the country. Wilders has also spoken out against the euro-bailouts. So far, the Dutch government has relied on the other Dutch opposition parties to get its EU measures though parliament.

In France, far-right Front National leader Marine Le Pen is gaining popularity, and one poll even showed her ahead of all other candidates ahead of next year's Presidential elections. Le Pen has called for France to leave the eurozone, along with Spain, Greece and Portugal, saying:

"They promised us that this currency would bring growth and welfare, and what happened? People were destroyed, we are talking about a real tragedy. Look at what happened to Greece."

Again, there are numerous factors at work here - and we should be careful to over-simplify or generalise - but it's hard not to detect a worrying trend: four of the eurozone's main creditor countries (and incidentally net contributors to the EU budget), which are underwriting struggling euro governments' debt to the tune of hundreds of billions, are experiencing a dramatic surge in support for populist parties. These parties would not only reject the bail-outs and the Single Currency but also, in all likelihood, the EU itself.

So what about the big kid on the block: Germany?

Germany doesn't really have its own version of the populist parties we see in other parts of Europe - on the left, Die Linke might fit part of the bill, but it's still not quite the same. Therefore, there's no real political platform for the kind of aggressive anti-euro sentiments that we see in Austria for example (which also plays on anti-immigration and anti-incumbency) - and there's unlikely to be one in the immediate future.

It's clear, however, that German public opinion is growing increasingly wary of the direction of the euro. Slowly, these sentiments are beginning to trickle through to party politics. The motion which was passed by a near-unanimous German Parliament asking Merkel to backtrack on an agreement between eurozone leaders, is one example (though it shouldn't be overstated either). But there clearly is a vacuum in EU politics in terms of voicing alternative visions for the direction of the Single Currency and the EU - and a mismatch between public opinion and the political class.

Writing in FTD last week, Wolfgang Münchau - who, until recently, was the arch-optimist amongst eurozone commentators - argued that "a right-wing spot is free" in Germany. He suggested that the liberal FDP will fill the vacuum and turn into a 'eurosceptic' party. Perhaps. If so, the hope is that the FDP could transform itself into a sensible, EU reformist party, pushing for the revolutionary idea (yes, sarcasm) that the single currency and the EU should be based on sound economics and democracy. Such an outcome would benefit both Germany and Europe.

The fear, as ever, is that the vacuum will be filled by other, nastier political forces.

A Europe in which populist, anti-immigrant parties hold strong positions in creditor (or triple A countries), while far-left parties gain prominence in debtor nations such as Greece or Portugal, would really be the worst of all worlds.

But if Europe's mainstream politicians continue to stick their heads in the sand, and refuse to speak about the problems facing the eurozone - they should not be surprised if voters turn to the parties that do engage in some straight talking, however flawed or nasty such talk may be.

Mainstream political parties and their leaders got it spectacularly wrong on the euro in the past. Perhaps it's time to think about some more fundamental solutions to the eurozone's problems?

Greek Rescue Frays As Irish Crisis Drags On
THE DAILY TELEGRAPH: The eurozone bail-out for Greece has begun to unravel after Austria suspended aid contributions over failure to comply with the rescue terms, and Germany warned Athens that its patience was running out.

Thousands of Communist Party supporters wave flags during the protest rally in central Athens on November 15 against the IMF-EU troika visit in Athens and the expected new austrity package. Photo: The Daily Telegraph
The clash caught markets off-guard and heightened fears that Europe's debt crisis may be escalating, with deep confusion over the Irish crisis as Dublin continues to resist EU pressure to request its own rescue.

Olli Rehn, the EU economics commissioner, said escalating rhetoric in Europe was turning dangerous. "I want to call on every responsible European to resist the centrifugal tendencies and existential alarmism."

Swirling rumours hit eurozone bond markets, while bourses tumbled across the world. The FTSE 100 fell 2.4pc to 5681.9, and the Dow dropped over 200 points in early trading. The euro slid two cents to $1.3460 against the dollar as the US currency regained its safe-haven status. Read on and comment >>> Ambrose Evans-Pritchard | Tuesday, November 16, 2010

TELEGRAPH BLOGS – JEREMY WARNER: Austria Tells Greece to Get Stuffed: Europe’s hastily assembled bailout fund already seems to be coming apart at the seams, and that’s before Ireland has even tapped into it. Austria is refusing to contribute to the next tranche of bailout money for Greece, citing the country’s failure to meet conditions. Yesterday it emerged there is serious slippage in Greece’s deficit reduction programme. >>> Jeremy Warner | Tuesday, November 16, 2010

Meanwhile in Austria

“It is now becoming clear, that the Greeks cannot sufficiently keep to their plans for revenue, i.e. what comes in from taxes. Therefore, I speak very critically with regards to granting the next instalment in December...From the Austrian point of view, there is no reason to release the contribution in December with the [Greek] numbers as they are at present.”

- Josef Proell, Austria’s Finance Minister, says his country could choose to withhold its contribution to Greece, worth around €190m in December.